Sinus Tarsi Syndrome

Anatomy

 

Osseous canal between talus and calcaneum

- interosseous talo-calcaneal ligament

- cervical ligament

- joint capsule

- nerve endings / arterial anastomoses

 

Sinus Tarsi

 

Aetiology

 

Flat foot / overpronation

Inversion / sprain

 

Pathology

 

Hypothesis

- compression / pinching injury

- develop scarring of ligament and capsule

- predisposes to further pinching

 

Symptoms

 

Pain at lateral aspect ankle

- below lateral malleolus

 

May get pain when running on outside of foot / track work

 

Pain on uneven ground

 

Examination

 

Tenderness sinus tarsi

- soft indentation below and anterior to LM

 

Pain with eversion / inversion STJ

 

HCLA

 

Diagnostic

- relieves pain

 

MRI

 

Display fluid in sinus tarsi

May detect excess scar tissue

 

Management

 

Non operative Management

 

Usually very effective

 

Options

 

Rest

NSAIDS

Subtalar joint manipulation

Correction of over pronation / orthotics

HCLA

Orthotics to stabilise STJ

 

Operative

 

Lee et al Arthroscopy 2008

- 33 cases of subtalar arthroscopic debridement

- 88% good or excellent

- 12% fair

 

Findings

- partial tear interosseous ligament 88%

- synovitis in 55%

- partial tear cervical ligament 33%

- arthrofibrosis 24%

- soft tissue impingement 21%