Spondylosis / spondylolisthesis
- most common cause
- adolescent playing sport
Scheuermann's kyphosis
- 1/3 of patients
HNP
- rare
Fracture
Apophyseal ring fracture
- traumatic fracture between vertebral body and cartilaginous ring
- apophysis displaced posteriorly with disc
- decompression if causes neurological symptoms
Discitis / Osteomyelitis
Tumour
- benign: OO / OB / ABC / giant cell tumour / EG
- malignant: Ewings / OS / chordoma / leukaemia
RA
Ankylosing spondylitis / other seronegative inflammatory conditions
Diastematomyelia
Juvenile Osteoporosis