Atlantoaxial Instability

Primary

 

2° laxity of transverse ligament

 

DIAL HOME CS

 

Secondary 

 

Trauma

 

Infection  

- retropharyngeal abscess

- Grisel's syndrome

 

Inflammatory

- JRA

 

Congenital

- Down's syndrome - very common 15%

- Achondroplasia

- MPS & SED

- Os Odontoideum