associations

Background

Definition

 

Congenital Talipes Equinovarus

 

Congenital abnormality of the foot characterised by 

- hindfoot equinus & varus 

- forefoot Adduction

- midfoot Supination

 

Latin: talus - ankle / pes - foot / equinus - horse like

 

Clinical

 

Foot

- pipe stem calf

- short wide foot

- small heel

- curved lateral border

Congenital Vertical Talus

Definition

 

Rockerbottom foot / Persian Slipper Foot

 

Epidemiology

 

Uncommon

 

50% bilateral

 

Doesn't delay walking

- may present in toddler with callus under talus head

 

Associations

 

Congenital anomalies

- CNS disorders

- spina bifida & diastematomyelia ~10%

- arthrogryposis

- neurofibromatosis 

Background

Definition Dupuytrens

 

Palmar Fibromatosis 

 

Aetiology

 

AD with variable penetration

 

Pathogenesis

 

Murrell's Theory of Pathogenesis

 

1. Microvascular ischaemia

 

Claw Toe

Definition

 

Hyperextension of MTPJ and PIPJ / DIPJ flexion

- usually all toes affected 

 

Claw Toes

 

DDx

 

1.  Complex hammer

- hammer toe with MTPJ extension

- hammer usually affects second toe

 

2.  Curly toe

Tarsal Coalition

Definition

 

Congenital fibrous, cartilaginous or bony connection of 2 or more tarsal bones

- due to failure of segmentation

 

Peroneal Spastic Flat Foot

- tarsal coalition

- tarsal pain

- reduced STJ motion

- rigid pes planus

- peroneal muscle spasm / tightness

 

Epidemiology

 

Present in 6% of population

- symptomatic in 1% of population

 

Bilateral in 50%

 

Calcaneovalgus

Definition

 

Condition present at birth

- ankle dorsiflexed & in valgus

- foot abducted

 

Epidemiology

 

1 in 1000 births

 

Aetiology

 

Probably result of intrauterine positioning

- packaging defect

 

Associations

 

Oligohydramnios

DDH