Deltoid ligament injury
Etiology
Ankle sprain
- eversion / external rotation
Ankle fractures
Ankle sprain
- eversion / external rotation
Ankle fractures
1. Standard trochanteric osteotomy
2. Sliding trochanteric osteotomy
3. Extended trochanteric osteotomy
1. Reduce implant loosening
- offset load sharing to diaphysis
- 30% if > 70 mm
2. Restore optimal alignment
1. Using augments or bone grafting
2. Increased constraint
- VVS / hinge
Arthroscopic
- intra-articular
- suprapectoral
Open
- suprapectoral
- subpectoral
Concept
Dominant arm of middle aged men
- between 40 and 60
Sudden dramatic event
- sporting / weightlifting injury
- resisting heavy extension load
Degenerative changes seen on histology
Complete
- retracted / rupture of lacertus fibrosis
- minimally retracted