Theory
- want to traverse one muscle / one compartment
- keep away from NV bundle
- as a rule perform open biopsy through compartment the tumour is in
- this is the compartment that will require surgical removal in wide excision
- direct approach without going through muscle if possible i.e. tibia, distal ulna
Thigh
Ulna drift & volar dislocation
Ulna Drift / Ulna Dislocation
1. Physiological
Supracondylar fracture of humerus
Both bone forearm fractures
1987 American College of Rheumatology
Need 4/7 (MAX RANS)
1. Morning Stiffness
2. Arthritis of 3 areas > 6/52
3. Xray changes
4. Rh factor
5. Arthritis of Hand > 6/52
6. Nodules
7. Symmetric Arthritis > 6/52
Acro-osteolysis
SLE
Scleroderma
Psoriasis
Definition
Absorption of distal tuft of phalanx
DDx
Psoriasis
Scleroderma / Raynauds
Frost Bite
Hyperparathyroidism
Diabetes
Vasculitis
Leprosy
RA rarely
Gout
1. Lower limb
All walk
- Ankle > knee > hip
Ankle
- most require operations for ankles
LLD
- unilateral underdevelopment
- LLD 0-5cm (average 2cm)
2. Lower limb
- one handedness
- decrease movement in swing
- astereogenesis
- usual upper limb contractures
Neck
- ROM
Shoulder
- behind head / to mouth
- to back pocket
Elbows
- flex / extend elbows
- pronation / supination with thumb up & elbows by side
Wrist
- flexion / extension
Hand
- make fist with thumb in and out
Circulation of tissues within a closed osteofascial space are compromised by increased pressure within that space
Most common
- anterior leg compartment
- flexor compartment forearm
- deep posterior leg compartment
Prerequisite is volume restricting envelope
- fascia & skin
- POP
- dressings
1. Increased contents
Bleeding / edema
- fracture