grading

Flexor Pulley Ruptures

Anatomy

 

5 Annular pulleys

3 Cruciate pulleys

 

Pathology

 

A1 and A5 expendable

 

Loss of other annular pulleys can lead to bowstringing

- A2 & A4 +/- A3

 

Aetiology

 

Rock climbers

- usually when slipping

 

May hear or feel a pop

 

Develop swelling / tenderness / pain

 

Bowstringing

Turf Toe

Definition

 

Hyper-dorsiflexion injury to 1st MTP joint

 

Management

 

Grade 1 - Mild sprain

 

Symptoms

- minimal swelling / ecchymosis

 

Management

- return to play immediately

- RICE / NSAIDS

 

Grade 2 Partial tear plantar plate

 

Symptoms

Chondrosarcoma

Definition 

 

Malignant cartilage producing tumour 

 

Epidemiology

 

20% of primary bone tumours

 

3rd most common

- 1 in 500 000

 

Relatively non-aggressive / usually Grade I

 

Average age 40

 

Male > Females

 

Two Distinct Types

 

1.  Primary Chondrosarcoma

 

Arises de novo

Acute lateral ankle sprain

Definition

 

Partial or complete rupture of one or parts of lateral ligaments of ankle

- common ankle sprain

 

Epidemiology

 

Lateral ligaments sprains are the most common ligamentous injuries of the human body

- account for approximately 15% of all athletic injuries

- it is estimated that there is one ankle inversion injury per day per 10,000 people

 

Most common young males

- average age 27