decompression

Central Cord Syndrome

Epidemiology

 

Most common pattern cord injury

 

Hyper-extension injury in middle aged man with osteoarthritic spine

 

Usually C3/4 and C4/5

 

Mechanism

 

Most common type / in older patient with pre-existing spondylosis / OPLL

- hyperextension injury

- compression of the cord

- anteriorly by osteophytes

- posteriorly by infolded ligamentum flavum

 

Suprascapular Nerve

Anatomy

 

C5, 6 from Upper trunk

 

Posterior triangle

- arises upper trunk and passes backward through posterior triangle

- under belly of omohyoid

- deep to trapezius to the suprascapular notch

 

Suprascapular Ganglion Coronal MRI

 

Runs through suprascapular notch

Lumbar Stenosis

DefinitionLumbar Stenosis

 

Reduction of space available for neural elements in spinal canal or intervertebral foramina

- due to degenerative changes, congenital abnormalities or both

- involves compression of the thecal sac or nerve roots

 

Epidemiology

 

Onset 50 - 60's

- M = F

- associated with onset OA spine

Cauda Equina

Definition

 

Compression of some or all of the nerve roots in the cauda equina

- bladder dysfunction

- bowel dysfunction

- saddle anaesthesia

- variable motor and sensory loss

 

Aetiology

 

HNP

- most common

 

Epidural haematoma

- post surgical

- spinals and anticoagulation